
- Capital City: Bogotá
- General Information Official Language: Spanish
- Currency: Colombian peso, COP
- Population (2024): 5.28 crores (2024)
Political Overview
Government Type
Republican government
Key Leaders
- President Gustavo Petro
- Vice President Francia Márquez
Political Stability Index
-0.7
International Alliances
- UN, OAS, CELAC, WTO, Pacific Alliance, Andean Community (CAN), G77, Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO)
Economic Overview
GDP (Nominal)
$417.21 billion
GDP (PPP)
$978.024 billion (2023 est.)
Key Industries
- textiles
- food processing
- oil
- clothing and footwear
- beverages
- chemicals
- cement; gold
- coal
- emeralds
Top 5 Importers/Exporters
Exports: US 26%, Panama 10%, Netherlands 6%, India 4%, Brazil 4%; Imports: US 26%, China 25%, Brazil 7%, Mexico 5%, Germany 3% (2022)
Social Indicators
Human Development Index
0.758 (Rank: 91)
Literacy Rate
0.956
Life Expectancy
74.9 years (2024 est.)
Geopolitical Relevance
Strategic Location
Borders both the Pacific and Caribbean, Proximity to the Panama Canal enhances its strategic significance
Key Conflicts
Long-standing tensions between Venezuela and Colombia over their border, particularly around the dispute over the ownership of the Gulf of Venezuela
Border Issues
There are sporadic conflicts between Colombia and Ecuador, primarily due to the presence of armed groups, such as dissident factions of FARC and drug cartels
Military Strength
military personnel – ~295,000, defense spending – 3.2% of GDP ($10 billion), alliances – NATO (partner), OAS
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