- Capital City: Beijing
- General Information Official Language: Mandarin
- Currency: Renminbi (Yuan/CNY/RMB)
- Population (2024): 1.42 Billion
Political Overview
Government Type
Single-party Socialist Republic, communist one-party state
Key Leaders
- President: Xi Jinping
- Premier of the State Council – Li Qiang
- Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress – Zhao Leji
Political Stability Index
-0.5 (2022)
International Alliances
- Arctic Council (observer)
- (ASEAN) (dialogue partner)
- Asian Development Bank (ADB)
- G20
- G77
- IAEA
- IBRD
- ILO
- IMO
- IPU
- ILO
- SCO
- SAARC (Observer)
- UN
- UNSC (Permanent member)
- WHO
Economic Overview
GDP (Nominal)
$18.273 trillion
GDP (PPP)
$37.072 trillion
Key Industries
- Technology & Electronics
- Manufacturing
- Agriculture
- Services
- Construction.
Top 5 Importers/Exporters
- United States: US$502 billion (14.8% of China’s total exports)
- Hong Kong: $276.4 billion (8.2%)
- Japan: $157.6 billion (4.7%)
- South Korea: $149.3 billion (4.4%)
- Vietnam: $138.2 billion (4.1%)
Top Exports for 2023-24 include Broadcasting equipment ($276 billion), Integrated circuits ($215 billion), Computer ($214 billion), Semiconducter devices ($74 billion)
Top Imports include Crude petroleum ($290 billion), Integrated circuits ($235 billion), Iron ore ($108 billion), Petroleum gas ($76 billion)
Social Indicators
Human Development Index
0.788 (75th) (2023-24)
Literacy Rate
2020 data – 97% (98.5% of males and 95.2% of females)
Life Expectancy
78.6 years (2024)
Geopolitical Relevance
Strategic Location
Shares borders with 14 countries, access to South China Sea (one of the world’s busiest trade route, rich in natural resources), East China Sea (trade route and energy shipments), Taiwan Strait, BRI
Key Conflicts
Territorial disputes in the South China Sea ( Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Brunei), Taiwan Strait tensions (with Taiwan backed mainly by the U.S.), Border issues with India (Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh), Dispute with Japan over the Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands
Border Issues
China-India Border Dispute (Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh), China-Bhutan Border Dispute (Doklam Plateau, Sinchulumpa and Gieu), China-Nepal (trespassing in the district of Humla), Paracel and the Spratly Islands among others in the South China Sea (with Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Brunei)
Military Strength
Chinese People’s Liberation Army Active personnel – 2,035,000 (2022) (ranked 1st)
Reserve personnel – 510,000 (2022) Budget – $296 billion (2023) (ranked 2nd)
SCO member
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