- Capital City: Quito
- General Information Official Language: Spanish
- Currency: United States Dollar, USD
- Population (2024): 1.81 crores (2024)
Political Overview
Government Type
Unitary system, Presidential system, Constitutional Republic
Key Leaders
- President Daniel Noboa
- Vice President Daniel Romero
Political Stability Index
-0.3
International Alliances
- UN, OAS, CELAC, WTO, G77, Andean Community (CAN), Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO)
Economic Overview
GDP (Nominal)
$118.8 billion
GDP (PPP)
$260.213 billion (2023 est.)
Key Industries
- petroleum
- food processing
- textiles
- wood products
- chemicals
Top 5 Importers/Exporters
Exports: US 27%, China 17%, Panama 14%, Chile 4%, Colombia 3%; Imports: US 26%, China 23%, Colombia 6%, Peru 4%, Brazil 4% (2022)
Social Indicators
Human Development Index
0.766 (Rank: 83)
Literacy Rate
0.939
Life Expectancy
74.9 years (2024 est.)
Geopolitical Relevance
Strategic Location
Access to the Pacific and controls the Galápagos Islands; straddles part of the Andes Mountains and occupies part of the Amazon basin
Key Conflicts
Although a peace agreement was signed in 1998 between Peru and Ecuador after a brief war in 1995 over the border region of Cordillera del Cóndor, tensions still exist in some areas regarding land usage, drug trafficking, and territorial claims.
Border Issues
There are sporadic conflicts between Colombia and Ecuador, primarily due to the presence of armed groups, such as dissident factions of FARC and drug cartels
Military Strength
military personnel – ~42,000, defense spending – 1.8% of GDP ($2 billion), alliances – UN Peacekeeping, OAS
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